The Importance Of Management For Ensuring Success

Concepts and theories that can be useful to managers in ensuring success in teamwork projects Introduction: Team work is a group of individual s people that works together in a business Institutions or organisation, and they characterized by integrated skills among themselves, and they have common goals and one purpose, and the reason of setting up a team work is in order to achieve a specific objective or a task requiring a certain coordination and integration among the team members, which can not be achieved individually. Each team member needs to build their knowledge s and abilities information and capabilities of their team-mate for the manufacture of new horizons and integrated to the organization. Studies have proved that the success of the research institutions due to the success of the team work out a harmonious and harmony among its members. This essay will discuss the concepts and theories that can be useful to managers in ensuring success in teamwork projects. Background: To make a successful team you need to choose the right people, determining the goal, Training and education and lastly appreciationand thank your team as when one of the people in the team has been success in doing their part they should been encourage and celebrate. The importance of working in a team management is that teamwork achieves goals and shorten the distances and saves time, when you see people working together you see them better able to achieve their goals, and they provide forShow MoreRelatedApplication Of Effective Governance Model963 Words   |  4 Pages1. In institutions of higher learning, governance is significant in terms of ensuring the realization of learning objectives. However, selecting the application of effective governance model is the most significant idea for university boards. The governing board of Washington State University is that of strategic planning aimed at ensuring the need for dynamic marketing and educational excellence. The Board of Trustees at the institution was formed to serve the role of constituting the voting membersRead MoreThe Importance Of Project Management For The Business World1380 Words   |  6 Pageseffective is the best route in ensuring a successful project. It is critical that the p roject is managed effective from the beginning of the business project. While the success of a project is never guaranteed, project managers have better chances with implementing the tools discussed from this course. I will first discuss the importance of project management to the business world. In addition, the different components of project management such as project life-cycle management, project organizationsRead MoreThe Application Of Kotter s Eight Step Change Model856 Words   |  4 Pagesworsening pain in the elderly with dementia and other forms of cognitive using a nursing education strategy in the Veterans Centre (VC) at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre. Action Plan The education strategy developed for this QIP is aimed at ensuring nurses are accurately assessing and documenting pain. The nurses are not being required to learn a brand new skill; rather this strategy is aimed at changing how nurses are completing this task in their practice. Planned change must be a â€Å"wellRead MoreCustomer Service Policies Of The Salon1602 Words   |  7 Pages Customer Behavior and Experience – Salon  Introduction Customer service is a very essential factor for the success of any company. However it is vital to note that most companies fail to take this into consideration the importance of customer service to their overall performance (Gilmour et al., 2013). It is certain that based on the case study, the complaint made to the manager clearly shows that one of its customers had completelyfailed to uphold the recommended customer service standards. ThisRead MoreRole Of Procurement And Supply Chain Management Essay1646 Words   |  7 PagesRole of Standards in Procurement and Supply Chain Management Procurement and supply chain are two critical aspects of organizational performance. Stiff competition in the market has called for the need for companies to strive towards streamlining their operations to meet the unique demands of their clients. One important path that has been pursued by a number of companies is the adoption of acceptable standards of operations in their procurement and supply chain. The mechanics of purchasing and allRead MoreWhat Key Aspects Set Apart Successful Companies?1275 Words   |  6 PagesTo Great is Jim Collins’ most famous book. In this book Collins and his research team analyze and compare numerous corporations in an attempt to identify what key aspects set apart successful companies. He developed five aspects of organizational success and I will be making references to those points. 2. Collins, Jim (2011). Great by Choice. Ney York, NY. Harper Business Great By Choice is another of Jim Collins’ books. This book focuses in on one of the key aspects from his book Good To Great –Read MoreCase Study : Macon, Inc.930 Words   |  4 Pagesof project management, decided that action was needed to achieve excellence in project management. II. Question and response Considering the Management Support element in the Hexagon of Excellence, what three actions would you recommend that the President take and why? The three actions that I recommend are: 1. Training in project management Macon Inc. has a good base for implementing project management. The president of the company is aware of the benefits of project management for the companyRead MoreDevelopment And Implementation Of An Effective Communication Plan1296 Words   |  6 Pagesmessage, to the right people, at the right time. The following will provide a comparison of existing project communication plans (PCP), noting their similarities and differences, as well as details on the importance and benefits of establishing an internal communication plan to promote project success. Project Communication Plan Comparison In an effort to gain a better understand of what a PCP consist of, let us review and compare examples the following government organizations communication plan;Read MoreHRMs Role in the Healthcare Industry762 Words   |  3 Pagescompanies across the globe use human resource management including those in the health care industry since the human resource department is considered as the spine of the organization by the workers. The seeming importance of human resource management originates from the fact the human resource department is responsible for various tasks in the organization that are directly linked to the organizations employees. In most cases, human resource management plays the significant role of motivating employeesRead MoreDistribution Channels And Supply Chain Management Essay1097 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay is about what is supply chain management. This will cover how different distribution channels and supply chains are used in the process of international tra de. This will also show the different stages of the supply chain and the five defining themes involved in supply chain management. First I will start with defining what a supply chain is, Coyle, Bardi, Landgley (2003) describe a supply chain as the physical, financial and information networks that involve gathering the necessary

What is Chromatins Structure and Function

Chromatin is a mass of genetic material composed of DNA and proteins that condense to form chromosomes during eukaryotic cell division. Chromatin is located in the nucleus of our cells. The primary function of chromatin is to compress the DNA into a compact unit that will be less voluminous and can fit within the nucleus. Chromatin consists of complexes of small proteins known as histones and DNA. Histones help organize DNA into structures called nucleosomes by providing a base on which the DNA can be wrapped around. A nucleosome consists of a DNA sequence of about 150 base pairs that is wrapped around a set of eight histones called an octamer. The nucleosome is further folded to produce a chromatin fiber. Chromatin fibers are coiled and condensed to form chromosomes. Chromatin makes it possible for many cell processes to occur including DNA replication, transcription, DNA repair, genetic recombination, and cell division. Euchromatin and Heterochromatin Chromatin within a cell may be compacted to varying degrees depending on a cells stage in the cell cycle. In the nucleus, chromatin exists as euchromatin or heterochromatin. During interphase of the cycle, the cell is not dividing but undergoing a period of growth. Most of the chromatin is in a less compact form known as euchromatin. More of the DNA is exposed in euchromatin allowing replication and  DNA transcription to take place. During transcription, the DNA double helix  unwinds and opens to allow the genes coding for proteins to be copied. DNA replication and transcription are needed for the cell to synthesize DNA, proteins, and organelles in preparation for cell division (mitosis or meiosis). A small percentage of chromatin exists as heterochromatin during interphase. This chromatin is tightly packed, not allowing gene transcription. Heterochromatin stains more darkly with dyes than does euchromatin. Chromatin in Mitosis Prophase: During prophase of mitosis, chromatin fibers become coiled into chromosomes. Each replicated chromosome consists of two chromatids joined at a centromere. Metaphase: During metaphase, the chromatin becomes extremely condensed. The chromosomes align at the metaphase plate. Anaphase: During anaphase, the paired chromosomes (sister chromatids) separate and are pulled by spindle microtubules to opposite ends of the cell. Telophase: In telophase, each new daughter chromosome is separated into its own nucleus. Chromatin fibers uncoil and become less condensed. Following cytokinesis, two genetically identical daughter cells are produced. Each cell has the same number of chromosomes. The chromosomes continue to uncoil and elongate, forming chromatin. Chromatin, Chromosome, and Chromatid People often have trouble distinguishing the difference between the terms chromatin, chromosome, and chromatid. While all three structures are composed of DNA and found within the nucleus, each is uniquely defined. Chromatin is composed of DNA and histones that are packaged into thin, stringy fibers. These chromatin fibers are not condensed but can exist in either a compact form (heterochromatin) or less compact form (euchromatin). Processes including DNA replication, transcription, and recombination occur in euchromatin. During cell division, chromatin condenses to form chromosomes.Chromosomes are single-stranded groupings of condensed chromatin. During the cell division processes of mitosis and meiosis, chromosomes replicate to ensure that each new daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes. A duplicated chromosome is double-stranded and has the familiar X shape. The two strands are identical and connected in a central region called the centromere.A chromatid is either of the two strands of a replicated chromosome. Chromatids connected by a centromere are called sister chromatids. At the end of cell division, sister chromatids separate, becoming daughter chromosomes in the newly formed daughter cells. Source Cooper, Geoffrey. The Cell: A Molecular Approach. 8th Edition, Sinauer Associates (Oxford University Press), 2018, Oxford, U.K.

Personal Narrative A Career in Social Work - 1280 Words

Professional Goal Statement The history of mental health in the United States show a robust movement towards the mental healthcare system we have today. Prior to the 19th century, individuals with mental health issues were widely considered to be demonically possessed, thus contributing to the stigmatization of mental illness and the proliferation of poor treatment conditions. However, in the 1800s, there was a dramatic change in mental healthcare in the U.S. The government took a proactive role in treating the mentally ill, leading to the dawn of state psychiatric facilities. Kingsboro Psychiatric Center, my employer, was part of this new dawn in state psychiatric care. Originally named Kings County Lunatic Asylum, this facility was transferred to state authorities in 1895 due to the tremendous growth of mental illness in the Kings County area of Brooklyn, New York. Today, with the advances in psychopharmacology and treatment philosophies, the facility has expanded to offer both inpatient and outpatient care, as well as community and residential programs. I have the privilege of working in the department of Program Operations as the administrative assistant to the Director. Program Operations deal with the daily management of administrative and operations facets of the facility’s inpatient and outpatient treatment and services. Since the director supervises departments such as psychology, social work, rehabilitation, pastoral care, intensive case management, and communityShow MoreRelatedCareer Analysis : Career Counseling1276 Words   |  6 Page sCareer Counseling Theory It appears that the most appropriate model of career counseling would depend on how much insight the client has, their stage of development, their age and cultural background, and their career and developmental maturity. All of an individuals life experiences, their personal and career goals and aspirations for the present and future will affect their choices regarding career development. There are differing opinions on which factors play the most important role in careerRead MoreMy Family And Education Is Important For Your Future1221 Words   |  5 Pages Furthermore, there are some influences within broader culture that compliment and also contradicts the themes in my family’s narrative. The first theme in society that contradicts the values of my family is homosexuality. As mentioned above, religion is a large part of my family, therefore, homosexuality is not part of the catholic religion. With that being said my family has a strong opinion and belief about same sex relationships. The second theme compliments my family’s values and that is gettingRead MoreA Research Study On Social Justice Work864 Words   |  4 Pagessubjects within the field I would like to go in (Lawyers, Judges, and Detectives†¦ etc.) But also I would like to learn more about social justice work (shelter for youth, being involved in civic engagement work and how it feel to be labeled as a â€Å"troubled youth.† With the following I will be able to get a better understanding on how I would like to develop my potential career field asp ect along with changing the world for the generation after me. My Plan: In order to get the concept and the importanceRead MoreAnalysis Of Karen Hos Biographies Of Hegemony1699 Words   |  7 Pagesconception of an illness has been deliberately exported to Japan. In both of these texts, there is a clear overlap between the themes of cultural narratives and personal choices. Cultural narratives in a given society help shape the community and allow an individual to get a better understanding of the general principals and societal norms. For examples, narratives such as a culture of smartness in Ho’s essay and marking strategies in Watters’ essay, allow an individual to explore the available optionsRead MoreBiological Narrative1617 Words   |  7 PagesPERSONAL POTRAIT: A BIOLOGICAL NARRATIVE 2 John C. Carter Capella University Dr. Janice J. Caron August 29, 2010 Abstract Eric Erickson is best known for his studies with psychosocial development, or the development of a person within a social context. Eric Erickson’s theories focused primarily on the correlation of the release of sexual tension and psychosexual development. The purpose of this paper is for the author to develop a personal portrait integrating Erickson’s developmentalRead MoreImproving Ireland? Projectors, Prophets And Profiteers1279 Words   |  6 PagesNatalie House April 24 2017 Improving Ireland? Projectors, Prophets and Profiteers Improving Ireland? Projectors, Prophets and Profiteers is a work of seven connected essays written by author Toby Barnard a specialist in the political, social and cultural histories of Ireland and England. Dr. Barnard examines a variety efforts as well as topics that relate to the theme of Irish improvement by specifically featuring certain protagonists in separate chapters and how eachRead MoreBilly Wilder Essay977 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Library Research† â€Å"Billy Wilder† Billy Wilder’s work today remains masterful and memorable. From his skilled screenwriting to his directing, Wilder holds a key position in cinema history. Wilder’s stylistic and thematic elements are recognizable and give off a complex reflection of his American and European cultural influences. I think that Billy Wilder should be considered an â€Å"auteur† even if he is not already considered one, for his personal film style and the mere fact that his cynical visionRead MoreAn Analysis Of Media In Social Media862 Words   |  4 PagesThis step will involve an analysis of media, such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Google-Plus, and Twitter to market oneself and grow their career. The social applications have not only expanded the job market but have also developed tools that marketers can use to develop their own business consulting services online. The primary social media channel of choice will be LinkedIn, which is a professional networking site with over half a bill ion active e users engaging in different forums and LinkedIn groupsRead MoreThe Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and its Illustrations of the American Dream1474 Words   |  6 PagesThe American dream can be defined as the promise of living in America with opportunities for all, regardless of social class, and according to their ability and effort (Schnell, 2010). Proponents of the American dream believe that there is equal opportunity for all in the American society to achieve success. Success is not pegged on social status, race, or creed, but rather on an individual’s own efforts. The definition of the American dream has unique interpretations to different people. The mostRead MoreNarrative Therapy, Developed By Michael White And David Epson1130 Words   |  5 Pages Narrative Therapy, developed by Michael White and David Epson during the 1980s, is a way for the client to separate themselves from the problem they are experiencing. The person is not the problem ; the problem is the problem. As part of the therapy, the client becomes the narrator of his or her life story. Each experience the client has in their lives becomes part of his/her story, a chapter. Created to be collaborative, the client becomes the narrator and learns that they have the skills to make

Advantage and Disadvantage of using Social Network for Tourism

Question: Write about theAdvantage and Disadvantage of using Social Network for Tourism. Answer: Introduction The wide spread of the internet as well as the rapid technological advancement have transformed almost all the businesses on the globe especially the tourism. The program of the tourism is significantly reaching the internet nowadays that is crucial since the tourism is a data dependent in addition to details demanding industry (Bramwell, 2011). To manage to decrease on the high risk of exploring which obtain from the experimental attribute of the holiday travel relevant purchases , the travellers ought to obtain lots of the data . The rise of the reputation of the social networking sites has resulted in the social networking being the worldwide trend. After numerous countries obtained the access of the internet, its improve use affected on the economy along with the social life in the early the 20th century (Bramwell, 2011). The social networking is the type of social media which permit the users to connect with others along with create information. The change of the consumer behavi or has influenced the social networking sites that provide platforms for the customers to connect with the company and the other consumers. The explosive growth of the populace of the internet users on the social media websites has had a huge effect on the hospitality in addition to the tourism industry wherein the people are altering the rule of the marketing (Bunakov, Zaitseva, Larionova, Chudnovskiy, Zhukova and Zhukov, 2015). For the company to achieve success the marketers are making decision depending on the requirements of the consumers, the adjustments in the modern society as well as the development of the technology (Zhao, Ritchie and Echtner, 2011). It has been positioned the social networking sites may offer the social communication solutions that might generate the brand consciousness and develop on the good image for the brand. In this research it will highlights the advantage and the disadvantages of using the social network in the tourism business in India. Project objective In this research the objective is to find out the advantages and the disadvantage the social networks bring particularly in the tourism business in India. Project scope This research has been designed to identify the advantage and the disadvantage brought by the social network to the tourism business (Chhetri, Arrowsmith and Corcoran, 2017). In the research the focus of the research is in India which has diverse culture and language where different tourist explore on the various sceneries. Literature review Over the last few years the social network has become a catchphrase particularly in the tourism business in India. At the business level the social network has been found to provide establishment as well as the maintenance of the brand image and reputation which lead to the generation of the growth in business (Okazaki, Andreu and Campo, 2017). The social network has led to advantage and disadvantage in the tourism business in India, these have been highlighted as follows; Advantages of the social network in tourism business Influence on the consumer behaviors The photo and the video sharing has been the norm in the 21st Century. Individuals are able to connect with their friends as well as their family through the social media, particularly in the social network sites. Individuals are able to view what exactly is occurring on the globe (Okazaki, Andreu and Campo, 2017). The tourism company in India will take this opportunity of the social networks to appeal to the clients by means of sharing of photos and videos of the most effective sceneries in the country (Chhetri, Arrowsmith and Corcoran, 2017). Based on research it reveals that greater than 20% of the internet users, who are the enthusiasts of a particular brand on the social networks carry out a travelling brand (Mahajan, 2015). The followers or maybe the visitors of the tourism businesses can look at the reviews of the clientele whenever the loyal client upload photos of the hotels, attractions and restaurants independently websites. In accordance with Manap Adzharudin (2013) emph asizes that the visitors frequently base their expectations on the other travellers encounters to be able to acquire a number of advantageous details as they can and prevent liability. Creation of the brand awareness and the building of the image The tourism businesses in India have participated on the social networks, which has assisted them to build on the image as well as publicize their business as the reputation arises (Sigala, Christou and Gretzel, 2012). Persuasive the customers that their funds is going to be very well spent on the deals they provide is a difficult thing particularly if they are going to return to the business which supports generate the brand awareness (Garca-Villaverde, Elche, Martnez-Prez and Ruiz-Hortega, 2017). The social network sites have been discovered to generate positive or even negative ways. It does not matter whether it is a small venture, once the business get involved with the social network sites, the data which they present available is essential because it impact their business one way or the other. Every reply or even review is important to be able to sustain on the brand image of the company (Sigala, Christou and Gretzel, 2012). Numerous tourism enterprise in India are using the s ocial network for their own benefits. The response to the client is usually to be responded with morality to have the ability to secure their brand and image no matter if the review are interpreted as either good or perhaps bad. Based on Mahmoodet al 2012, claims that with the rapid in the altering in the technological know-how it will be impossible for almost any tourism business to disregard the social media. In India, Kashir tourism have been using twitter aggressively to enable market on their brand image as well as awareness. Cost and the time effectiveness Many tourism businesses in India are much aware of the social network sites on their importance for them to gain popularity and create the awareness of their brand. An example of this has been the Kerala tourism Monsoon campaign which was done in the Facebook (Vsquez, G.A.N. and Escamilla, 2014). The essence of this campaign was to market their company and make them popular thus creating the brand image (Luo and Zhong, 2015). The tourism industries have taken on the part in the social networking by staying active online to be able not miss out any specific posts. The business are working to invest a lot more in the social media in relation to the personnel and the time since presently this is not such a high investment (Luo and Zhong, 2015). Each one of these investment of time and money on the social network are thought to be very affordable nevertheless they accommodate effective as well as efficient utilization of the tools of marketing. The social network are convenient because t hey permit the easy the use of the client replies (Scott, Baggio and Cooper, 2008). Additionally, the tourism business in India have found that through use of better communication technologies helps to bring more efficiencies, and team work in the organization. Disadvantages of social network in tourism business The use of the social network in the tourism business in India has encountered several drawbacks which has affected the industry to a great extent (Tussyadiah and Pesonen, 2016). On the first disadvantage is on the issue of a possible violation of the privacy which is a current topic that could impact on the approach of the organization to the social media (Luo and Zhong, 2015). Everything that the tourism business write provides a given level of perception about them and anything which they undertake, even if it is uncomplimentary or perhaps confidential (Luo and Zhong, 2015). The internet have been found not to forget and the reputation of the organization could be affected negatively in a short period. Currently, every business is obliged to actively engage in the social networks. The wide range of the possibilities as a result of thing is undoubtedly a merit, the risk of over linking could lead to confusion as well as disorientation, with the more customer contacts than one could realistically be able to manage (Okazaki, Andreu and Campo, 2017). All the tourism business in India agrees that the social network should be done well and it entails times as well as dedication. In the event that it is not research properly and not maintained well, it could have reversed effect since the content is important. As described by Racoma (2007) the downside of the social network paradoxically comes from the truth that it is social. Exactly like any population or maybe a group within the populace , the social networking could be gamed or perhaps manipulated by exactly what we describes as the dominant factions (Luo and Zhong, 2015). With the rise of the utilization of the social network in the tourism business in India there was proliferation of the unsolicited business content, an intentional self-promotion along with savvy spammers, all intentional to the incremental cost as well as little chance of being caught (Tinsley and Lynch, 2007). These online cheaters are able to deliver the wrong message about the tourism organization to the consumer about the business and are able to damage on the brand image which is irrevocable (Zehrer and Raich, 2010). The accessibility of these tools could an advantage particularly to the other users hence allowing them to abuse as the control of what is being p osted is very limited. Another disadvantage which has been observed by the tourism business in India in regards to the social networking is the issue of the content delivery (Tinsley and Lynch, 2007). The social networks demands updated content which is consistent to be able to motivate the consumer in order to engage (Manap and Adzharudin, 2013). Moreover, according to Manap and Adzharudin (2009), it is easy to use the social network tools but very hard to maintain and take a significant time which most of the business in tourism have never considered as an important element which could impact on the balance between the workers appointed to the communication channels to deliver the content (Luo and Zhong, 2015). On the contrary, the information could overload and the social network could be regarded as disadvantage as a result of the burnt out users. Conclusion The social network sites strategy has been getting popular particularly in the tourism business in India. Many of the organization started on using the social network for intent to communication. When it comes to the tourism business, communication among the customers continues to be an impact to the way the client render their decision for destination. The social network has offered opportunity to the tourism industry to interact with the clients in addition to their staff in a way which is quick and efficient way. The wide connection of the social network is an excellent way particularly in the spreading of the data around the world, for example the promotion of the business in addition to building on the image for a given brand. Furthermore, it is a much convenient for the tourism business to target their client by utilizing the information due to the client who registered an account on the social network. Moreover, as much as the social network has brought many advantages to the tourism business in India there are also disadvantages which are associated with it such as the time intensive, content delivery, as well as the violation of the privacy References Bramwell, B., 2011. Governance, the state and sustainable tourism: A political economy approach. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(4-5), pp.459-477. Bunakov, O.A., Zaitseva, N.A., Larionova, A.A., Chudnovskiy, A.D., Zhukova, M.A. and Zhukov, V.A., 2015. Research on the evolution of management concepts of sustainable tourism and hospitality development in the regions. Journal of Sustainable Development, 8(6), p.39. Chhetri, A., Chhetri, P., Arrowsmith, C. and Corcoran, J., 2017. Modelling tourism and hospitality employment clusters: a spatial econometric approach. Tourism Geographies, 19(3), pp.398-424. Garca-Villaverde, P.M., Elche, D., Martnez-Prez, . and Ruiz-Hortega, M.J., 2017. Determinants of radical innovation in clustered firms of the hospitality and tourism industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 61, pp.45-58. Luo, Q. and Zhong, D., 2015. Using social network analysis to explain communication characteristics of travel-related electronic word-of-mouth on social networking sites. Tourism Management, 46, pp.274-282. Mahajan, R., 2015. Use of social media as a new investigative tool in marketing research for small business. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 5(3), p.129. Mahmood, A. and others, (2012).Social Medias Influence on Hospitality Tourism Management. Journal of Business Hotel Management. Manap, K.A. and Adzharudin, N.A., 2013. The Role of User Generated Content (UGC) in Social Media for Tourism Sector. In The 2013 WEI International Academic Conference Proceedings (pp. 52-58). Okazaki, S., Andreu, L. and Campo, S., 2017. Knowledge Sharing Among Tourists via Social Media: A Comparison Between Facebook and TripAdvisor. International Journal of Tourism Research, 19(1), pp.107-119. Scott, N., Baggio, R. and Cooper, C., 2008. Network analysis and tourism: From theory to practice (Vol. 35). Channel View Publications. Sigala, M., Christou, E. and Gretzel, U. eds., 2012. Social media in travel, tourism and hospitality: Theory, practice and cases. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. Tinsley, R. and Lynch, P.A., 2007. Small business networking and tourism destination development: A comparative perspective. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 8(1), pp.15-27. Tussyadiah, I.P. and Pesonen, J., 2016. Drivers and barriers of peer-to-peer accommodation stayan exploratory study with American and Finnish travellers. Current Issues in Tourism, pp.1-18. Vsquez, G.A.N. and Escamilla, E.M., 2014. Best practice in the use of social networks marketing strategy as in SMEs. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 148, pp.533-542. Zehrer, A. and Raich, F., 2010. Applying a lifecycle perspective to explain tourism network development. The Service Industries Journal, 30(10), pp.1683-1705. Zhao, W., Ritchie, J.B. and Echtner, C.M., 2011. Social capital and tourism entrepreneurship. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(4), pp.1570-1593.