Green Sea Urchin Fact Sheet

Green Sea Urchin Fact Sheet With its sharp-looking spines, the green sea urchin may look frightful, but to us, it is mostly harmless. Sea urchins arent poisonous, although you might get poked by a spine if youre not careful. In fact, green sea urchins can even be eaten. Here you can learn some facts about this common marine invertebrate. Sea Urchin Identification Green sea urchins can grow to about 3 across, and 1.5 high. They are covered in thin, short spines. The sea urchins mouth (called Aristotles lantern) is located on its underside, and its anus is on its top side, in a spot that is not covered with spines. Despite their immobile appearance, sea urchins can move relatively quickly, like a sea star, using their long, thin water-filled tube feet and suction. Where to Find Sea Urchins If youre tide pooling, you might find sea urchins underneath rocks. Look closely - sea urchins may camouflage themselves by attaching algae, rocks, and detritus to their spines. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: EchinodermataClass: Echinoidea Order: CamarodontaFamily: StrongylocentrotidaeGenus: StronglyocentrotusSpecies: droebachiensis Feeding Sea urchins feed on algae, scraping it off of rocks with their mouth, which is made up of 5 teeth collectively called Aristotles lantern. In addition to his work and writings on philosophy, Aristotle wrote about science, and sea urchins - he described the sea urchins teeth by saying they resembled a lantern made of horn that had 5 sides. Thus the urchins teeth came to be known as Aristotles lantern. Habitat and Distribution Green sea urchins are found in tide pools, kelp beds, and on rocky ocean bottoms, to areas as deep as 3,800 feet. Reproduction Green sea urchins have separate sexes, although it is difficult to tell males and females apart. They reproduce by releasing gametes (sperm and eggs) into the water, where fertilization takes place. A larva forms and lives in the plankton for up to several months before it settles on the sea floor and eventually turns into an adult form. Conservation and Human Uses Sea urchin roe (eggs), called uni in Japan, are considered a delicacy. Maine fishermen became huge suppliers of green sea urchins in the 1980s and 1990s, when the ability to fly urchins overnight to Japan opened an international market for urchins, creating a Green Gold Rush, in which millions of pounds of urchins were harvested for their roe. Overharvesting amid a lack of regulation caused the urchin population to bust. Regulations now prevent overharvesting of urchins, but populations have been slow to recover. The lack of grazing urchins has caused kelp and algae beds to flourish, which in turn has increased crab populations. Crabs love to eat baby urchins, which has contributed to the lack of recovery of urchin populations. Sources Clark, Jeff. 2008. After the Gold Rush (Online) Downeast Magazine. Accessed Online June 14, 2011.Coulombe, Deborah A. 1984. The Seaside Naturalist. Simon Schuster.Daigle, Cheryl and Tim Dow. 2000. Sea Urchins: Movers and Shakers of the Subtidal Community (Online). The Quoddy Tides. Accessed June 14, 2011.Ganong, Rachel. 2009. Return of the Urchin?(Online). Times Record. Accessed June 14, 2011 - no longer online as of 5/1/12.Kiley Mack, Sharon. 2009. Maine Sea Urchins Making a Slow Recovery (Online) Bangor Daily News. Accessed June 14, 2011.Maine Department of Marine Resources. Green Sea Urchins (Strongylocentrotus drobachiensis) in Maine - Fishery, Monitoring, and Research Information. (Online) Maine DMR. Accessed June 14, 2011.Martinez, Andrew J. 2003. Marine Life of the North Atlantic. Aqua Quest Publications, Inc.: New York.Meinkoth, N.A. 1981. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Seashore Creatures. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.

buy custom Harry S. Truman essay

buy custom Harry S. Truman essay Harry S. Truman was the thirty- third president of the United States. He took over from Roosevelt at the time of the World War II and is praised to have been able to stop the World War II by defeating the Japanese. Truman is most remembered for his involvement in creating the containment, which was an American foreign policy to stop the spread of communism by the Russians to other countries. After the World War II was over the United Nations was enforced to make sure that no country would enforce its will onto another by force, this was the main motivation of Truman urging congress to get involved, because the soviets wanted to enforce its will onto others. The events that led to the Truman's containment, commonly known as the Truman doctrine was the move by the soviets' to enforce communism into Greece and Turkey. (Freeman, p 413) It was believed that the main goal for the soviets' leader was to spread communism to the rest of the world, even if it meant enforcing them to accept it. Initially, the previous foreign policy of America was that it was not to get involved with helping any European countries in times of war or to get involved with European affairs. This was propagated by President Monroe commonly referred to as the Monroe doctrine. Truman, on seeing this line of event and Russians intent on Greece and Turkey, he stood before the congress and gave his speech. This speech is known as Truman doctrine, which overturned the Monroe doctrine. In this speech, Truman argued that it was their duty as America to protect the majority from the minorities' oppression by giving economic and food aid to this people so that it would help them fight back. He urged the congress to give $400 billion to go into helping Greece and Turkey from the communist attack. When the bill was finally passed, it transformed into total containment of communism, that is, the Americans portrayed that they were not going to stand by and watch communism being spread to other countries. The aid thatwent to Greece and Turkey most of it was used for military aid than what it was intended for initially although some of it went into food and economy. This war is commonly known as the Cold war, (Spalding, p 72-73) the Americans were actually supporting countries to fight back communism. Although the involvement of the military from the United States in these countries was not so obvious, Truman actually had more military involvement, in contrast to what he had presented before the congress. The Truman containment policy also greatly influenced the involvement of America in war in North Korea, China and in Vietnam. This showed that America could not tolerate the spread of communism and it turned almost all Americans citizens against communism. In fact, by 1952, the government was already talking about stopping communism at all cost. (Divine, 1972)They even put up the CIA, which in 1950 was asked to create a hydrogen bomb that would be used in war because the containment of communism would not stop at anything even if it meant going into war so as to protect the freedom of the citizens in those countries that the soviets' were aiming to spread their communism. The containment also led to the creation of NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization). The modern civil movement is a movement by Americans most being black Americans protesting against discrimination of the black Americans by the whites. This movement was mostly in the southern states, where they were mainly fighting for voting rights to be given to them. After the first reconstruction, the whites in the south began to dominate and the blacks who mostly belonged to the Republican Party started to be oppressed as whites took over the ruling of the party. Also the Democratic Party had also begun to put laws that discriminated against the blacks. This discrimination increased with years and it even transformed into violence. The civil rights movement was the first successful movement that was able to achieve good results ffor the black Americans, initially they were not allowed to vote, nor own houses or even use some form of transport. (Dierenfield, p 43)This movement mainly used mass demonstration because they were able to get quicker results. Their earlier methods of fighting for their rights were not working; this method included educating and also lobbying. These methods had been used earlier and had not worked. Therefore, they decided to start using strict measures. The mass action included; boycotts, sit-ins, freedom marches and also freedom rides. The movement relied on the courts because they knew the courts had to pass laws that turned their actions unlawful and in doing this, they would give in to their demands so that the blacks would stop what they were doing. The most common of this movement was the Montgomery bus boycott that is associated with the great Martin Luther King Jr. this boycott also encouraged other boycotts from other bus companies. This civil right movement granted the black Americans, rights to vote, transport rights, they also got equal opportunity rights for the employment and they could also own and rent houses without being discriminated against. This civil movement is referred as the second reconstruction because, it occurred after the Second World War. Just as the first reconstruction that followed after the American civil war. It was also during this second reconstruction that blacks could now be found in government as officials. It also characterized the movement of many blacks from the Republican Party that they had once belonged to, and head for the Democratic Party. (Black Americans in congress, 20)This modern civil right movement liberated the blacks in America and ended the segregation based on race or color. Today, the famous speech that Martin Luther delivered of his dream may be seen to have been completely achieved because America, for the first time, is being headed by a black president and people are no longer discriminated because of their color. Buy custom Harry S. Truman essay

Organizational Development in HRD Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizational Development in HRD - Assignment Example Kindred is assigned the task by the president though she felt inadequate after meeting the gas company’s management and understanding their issues. However, despite her excuse to Larry not to be assigned the task, Larry fails to listen and she has no alternative than to do the work. Though challenging, she manages to provide successful long-term intervention to the client as intended through thorough preparation as well as with help from consulting ‘shadow’ friends after which she resigns from Larry’s organization. i. Kindred faces strategic dilemmas in the course of her placement with Larry are consulting organization. The interaction between Kindred and Larry when she feels insufficient to tackle the assignment leaves her in a position of either doing the assignment or quitting the job. The dilemma of coercion is depicted by the fact that Larry is not ready to have Kindred decide by herself on undertaking the assignment and she is left with no option but to do the assignment and fail or otherwise succeed. Technical ineptness dilemma occurs in this excerpt by having kindred, an OD practitioner present long-range intervention solution for a problem she has no skills in. This in fact forces her to invest higher in research as well as hire the expertise of a shadow practitioner in the intervention. Moreover, she faced the dilemma of value and goal conflict in that though the client (the gas company) thought that CQI was the ultimate effective tool to be employed for finding the long-range soluti on to the cost problems the company faced, Kindred was not conversant with the tool. It therefore emerged that Larry had ‘sold’ her out to the client as an expert in the use of the tool. Besides, Kindred actually ponders over a number of issues in regard to her suitability for the client and she actually quotes her dilemmas as being the dilemma of self, the dilemma of confidence as well as